{"id":5200,"date":"2021-06-30T16:39:46","date_gmt":"2021-06-30T14:39:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.itticabuonocore.com\/blue-mussel\/"},"modified":"2025-06-24T05:36:01","modified_gmt":"2025-06-24T03:36:01","slug":"blue-mussel","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.itticabuonocore.com\/en\/mussels\/blue-mussel\/","title":{"rendered":"BLUE MUSSEL"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;Hero Section&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.7&#8243; background_color=&#8221;#f4f4f4&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;60px|60px|60px|60px&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;0px|0px|0px|0px&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;110px|0px|110px|0px&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; collapsed=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;1_2,1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.7&#8243; max_width=&#8221;1280px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|auto|-1px|auto||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; use_custom_width=&#8221;on&#8221; custom_width_px=&#8221;1280px&#8221; collapsed=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;3.25&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;40px||40px|&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Title&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.7&#8243; text_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; header_font=&#8221;|700||on|||||&#8221; header_text_align=&#8221;center&#8221; header_text_color=&#8221;#E02B20&#8243; header_font_size=&#8221;55px&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Roboto|700||on|||||&#8221; header_2_text_color=&#8221;#ffb500&#8243; header_2_font_size=&#8221;100px&#8221; header_2_letter_spacing=&#8221;4px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.2em&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||20px|&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; animation_direction=&#8221;left&#8221; header_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; header_font_size_phone=&#8221;40px&#8221; header_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;40px&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h1>BLUE MUSSEL<\/h1>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;3.25&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/www.itticabuonocore.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/cozza-atlantica-mytilus-edulis.png&#8221; title_text=&#8221;mussel-atlantic-mytilus-edulis&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; align_tablet=&#8221;center&#8221; align_phone=&#8221;&#8221; align_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.10.5&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; animation_direction=&#8221;right&#8221; animation=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.10.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_2_text_align_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; header_2_text_align_phone=&#8221;center&#8221; header_2_text_align_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The <strong>common mussel<\/strong>, scientifically known as \u201cMytilus edulis\u201d and <strong>commonly referred to as the blue mussel due to its coloration<\/strong> is mainly found in the waters of the Atlantic Ocean. Let\u2019s explore its main features and how it differs from the Mediterranean mussel. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Morphological characteristics of the Blue mussel<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The <strong>Blue mussel<\/strong>, which <strong>can grow up to 9 cm in length<\/strong>, is <strong>characterized by a smooth, solid and inequilateral shell<\/strong>, with beaks at the anterior end, giving it an apparently triangular profile. <strong>The pallial line is broad; the upper margin is not particularly curved and appears almost straight<\/strong> and parallel to the lower margin, which has a rounded posterior edge and a lunule-shaped anterior edge.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>The umbo is terminal, slightly pointed and curved<\/strong>. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The <strong>valves have<\/strong>: <\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The <strong>sign of the posterior adductor muscle on the internal surface, which merges with that of the posterior retractor muscle, while the sign of the anterior adductor muscle is small and not very distinct<\/strong>; <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The <strong>ventral surface is not flattened behind the umbo<\/strong>; <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The <strong>outer surface shows concentric growth lines<\/strong>, covered by a shiny, thin periostracum. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The <strong>hinge line has no teeth<\/strong> but is made up of small crenulations, with 3 or 4 tiny teeth.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The <strong>most distinctive trait of this mollusk is its color polymorphism<\/strong>: in young specimens, the blue tones are less intense, whereas adult mussels can display a deep violet-blue color. The inside of the shell, on the other hand, is pearly white.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The history of the Blue Mussel<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>Mytilus edulis is one of the oldest known mollusk species.<\/strong> Just think that its origins date back to around 6000 BCE and, since then, it has been a staple in many traditional dishes. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>Initially, mussels were used not only as food but also as bait for fishing and as natural fertilizers<\/strong>. <strong>They were harvested using traditional \u201cbouchots\u201d<\/strong>, <strong>vertical wooden stakes<\/strong> used for mussel and shellfish farming, a method that originated in the 13th century in France.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>This technique spread widely along the entire French Atlantic coast<\/strong>, while countries in Northern Europe developed subtidal farming methods. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the 1970s, <strong>traditional farming gradually gave way to the more innovative suspended culture system, known as \u201cropes,\u201d which is still used today<\/strong>. <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Blue mussel\u2019s distribution and origin<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Blue mussel is <strong>primarily found along the coasts of the Atlantic Ocean<\/strong>, including: <\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>North America<\/strong>;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>Europe<\/strong>; <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The <strong>Northern Palearctic<\/strong>. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>It<\/strong> <strong>can also be found from the White Sea in Russia<\/strong> <strong>down to southern France<\/strong>, as well as throughout the British Isles. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>In the western Atlantic, it is present from the southern Canadian maritime provinces down to North Carolina<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Habitat, biology and fishing of the Atlantic Mussel<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-2519 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.itticabuonocore.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/cozza-atlantica-habitat.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.itticabuonocore.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/cozza-atlantica-habitat.png 500w, https:\/\/www.itticabuonocore.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/cozza-atlantica-habitat-480x360.png 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 500px, 100vw\" \/><strong>Atlantic mussels<\/strong>, like other mussel species, <strong>are highly resistant to various climatic and environmental conditions<\/strong>. Their ideal temperature range is between 5\u00b0C and 20\u00b0C, with a tolerance limit around 29\u00b0C. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>They inhabit subtidal and intertidal beds on rocky coastlines<\/strong>, where they remain permanently attached.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Regarding <strong>reproduction<\/strong>, <strong>once the egg is fertilized, it develops into a larva, specifically into a veliger<\/strong> (a larval form typical of mollusks), <strong>which persists for about one to one and a half months<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>It then enters the juvenile phase<\/strong>, during which it finds a settlement area, typically in crevices of rocky substrates, away from mature mussels. <strong>After a few weeks, it doubles in size and detaches from its initial location to find a new surface to permanently attach to<\/strong>. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The <strong>best time for spawning<\/strong>? <strong>Spring<\/strong>, as the larvae can benefit from phytoplankton blooms.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Additional Information, fun facts and data on Blue mussels<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A <strong>very interesting fact is that each female mussel can produce up to 8 million eggs<\/strong>!<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>As for their lifespan, it varies depending on several factors.<\/strong> The primary one is the settlement location: mussels along coastal areas are more exposed to potential predators. Another key factor is the quality and stability of the surface they attach to. <strong>The most vulnerable life stages are the larval and juvenile phases<\/strong> (where the highest mortality rates occur).   <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">How do they protect themselves? By forming clusters: this creates a protective barrier against predators through sheer numbers. Their shell also acts as a defense mechanism, even if some predators are capable of crushing it, causing the mussel&#8217;s death.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>Predator attacks follow a very basic logic: they wait for the mussel to open its valves to breathe, then strike at the right moment<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The <strong>main difference between this species and the Mediterranean mussel is that the Blue one tends to be larger and has paler flesh<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;Popular Product Section&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.5&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;110px|0px|110px|0px&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; custom_padding_phone=&#8221;60px|0px|60px|0px|true|false&#8221; collapsed=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.5&#8243; 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Let\u2019s explore its main features and how it differs from the Mediterranean mussel. &nbsp; Morphological characteristics of the Blue mussel &nbsp; The Blue mussel, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":4514,"parent":5227,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5200","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.itticabuonocore.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5200","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.itticabuonocore.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.itticabuonocore.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.itticabuonocore.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.itticabuonocore.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5200"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.itticabuonocore.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5200\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.itticabuonocore.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5227"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.itticabuonocore.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4514"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.itticabuonocore.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5200"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}